Computing the Digits in π
نویسنده
چکیده
7 Quadratically converging approximations to π 27 7.1 Some representative elliptic integrals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 7.1.1 The elliptic integral of the first kind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 7.1.2 The elliptic integral of the second kind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 7.1.3 More representations for K(k) and E(k) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 7.2 Elliptic integrals and the arithmetic-geometric mean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 7.2.1 The relation of M(a, b) to K(k) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 7.2.2 The arc length of the lemniscate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 7.3 Landen’s transformations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 7.3.1 Cayley’s derivation of Landen’s transformations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 7.3.2 Iteration of Landen’s transformation for J . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 7.4 Legendre’s relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 7.4.1 The functions E′ and K ′ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 7.4.1.1 The precise behavior of K ′ near 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 7.4.2 Legendre’s relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 7.5 The algorithm of Brent and Salamin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
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تاریخ انتشار 2007